Nowadays, as an important symbol of advanced manufacturing technology, NC machining technology is playing an increasingly important role in machinery, mold, aerospace and other industries. Germany, the United States and Japan have successively developed a new generation of CNC gantry machining centers and CNC systems. The spindle speed of its CNC gantry machining center has reached 15000 ~ 10000r / min, the feed speed has reached 80m / min, and the idle running speed can reach 100M / min. people have realized that the machining efficiency and quality have a great impact on the production cost and product competitiveness. What is the performance of CNC gantry machining center no matter what brand it is at home and abroad? If it is not used in a reasonable way, it will also affect the processing efficiency and accuracy. Next, we will analyze it with Jingke Daheng Xiaobian!
The main factors affecting processing efficiency and product quality include machine tools, tooling, workpiece blanks, process methods and processing environment. In order to improve the machining efficiency and quality, appropriate measures must be taken in the following aspects, such as reducing the working error of the machine tool, correctly selecting cutting tools, improving the quality of the blank, reasonably arranging the process, and improving the environmental conditions.
1、 Select appropriate CNC gantry machining center model
Determine the specifications of the CNC gantry machining center according to the size of the object to be machined; According to the machining accuracy requirements of the workpiece, choose different types of CNC gantry machining centers; According to the results of the process analysis of the machined object, the quantity is determined, and then the capacity of the tool magazine is determined.
2、 Adopt reasonable and efficient cutting methods
The main cutting methods are high-speed cutting, power cutting and vibration cutting. Most of the heat generated by high-speed cutting is taken away by the chips, and the heat will not be concentrated in the processing area. At the same time, the feed speed is higher than the conventional feed speed, and the heat is less likely to be concentrated. The thermal deformation of the material is small, and the relatively constant cutting conditions are maintained, which not only improves the machining efficiency but also ensures the machining accuracy of the workpiece.
Strong cutting refers to the cutting process with large feed or large back draft. Compared with high-speed cutting, power cutting has lower cutting temperature, longer service life and higher cutting efficiency. Vibration cutting is a cutting process that adds low-frequency or high-frequency vibration along the tool feed direction, which can improve cutting efficiency. Low frequency vibration cutting has a very good chip breaking effect. Chip breaking devices can be used to increase the strength of cutting edges, and the total power consumption during cutting is reduced by about 40% compared with ordinary cutting with chip breaking devices. High frequency vibration cutting, also known as ultrasonic vibration cutting, helps to reduce the friction between the cutter and the workpiece, reduce the cutting temperature, reduce the adhesive wear of the cutter, and thus improve the cutting efficiency and the machined surface quality.
3、 Correct selection of CNC gantry machining center tools
Cutting tools play an important role in the cutting process. The quality of the cutter directly affects the machining efficiency and quality.
1. Select the knife material with good performance. The knife material must have high high temperature hardness and wear resistance, necessary bending strength, chemical inertia and impact toughness, good processability, and not easy to deform.
2. Select high-precision blade. The precision of the blade is low, the runout is large, and the surface roughness of the machined plane is large. The runout of high-precision blade shall be controlled within 2 ~ 5. With the development of CNC machine tools, the surface modification coating technology of inserts has emerged, especially the emergence of large-scale and wide-ranging hard table metal materials and various new indexable inserts, which have improved the accuracy of inserts and continuously met the production requirements of high-speed and high-quality cutting.
3. Select a special new knife. The characteristics of new cutters and innovative processes play a very important role in improving machining efficiency and quality and innovating machining processes, such as insert milling cutters, multi-functional milling cutters and large feed milling cutters developed for the mold industry.
4、 Select reasonable processing technology and mode
For the CNC gantry machining center, one clamping can complete the processing of multiple processes in the traditional process. Therefore, it is the basis to ensure the processing quality and increase the rate to formulate a reasonable and simple processing technology scheme. When preparing the process, the machining accuracy and surface roughness requirements shall be guaranteed, the machining route shall be shortened as much as possible, the number of workpiece installation shall be reduced, and the programming workload shall be reduced.